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A Common Error in Solana Development: instruction not found when using a separate file

When working with Solana, one of the most frustrating errors can be finding a missing "instruction" field in code. This issue is especially common when developing aggregation strategies that involve multiple instructions. In this article, we’ll explore why you’re encountering this error and provide some solutions to resolve it.

The Problem: self Reference

In Rust, the &Self; reference refers to the current instance of a type. However, when using a separate file to define an aggregation strategy on the Solana blockchain, this can lead to unexpected behavior. Specifically, if you're trying to use a function that relies on the "instruction" field being present in the current instance (self), but it's not found, you'll encounter this error.

The Solution: Move instructions::Instruction inside self

To fix this issue, we need to ensure that the instructions::Instruction is available within the scope of the current instance. One way to do this is by moving the instructions::Instruction definition into a separate module or file that's accessible from both the current instance and any other modules.

Here's an updated version of your lib.rs:

use crate::instructions::*;


pub mod instructions {

    pub struct Instruction;


    impl Instructions for Instruction {}

} }


// ... (rest of the code remains the same)

In this example, we've moved the Instruction definition into a separate module called instructions. We can then use it within our current instance by referencing self::instructions::Instruction.

Alternative Solution: Define the Instructions trait in a single file

Another approach is to define the Instructions trait and implement it as an empty implementation. This way, we ensure that any type that implements this trait will have access to all its fields, including the missing "instruction" field.

// instructions.rs

pub trait Instructions {

    // …

} }


impl Instructions for Instruction {}

We can then use this trait in our code by referencing self::instructions.

By using one of these solutions, you should be able to resolve the error and successfully compile your Solana aggregation strategy.